This TEK provides a general overview of design considerations and the influences that height, soil, loads and geometry have on structural stability, based on Design Manual for Segmental Retaining Walls (ref. Segmental retaining walls are used in many applications, including landscaping walls, structural walls for changes in grade, bridge abutments, stream channelization, waterfront structures, tunnel access walls, wing walls and parking area support. The typical size of SRW units, placed without mortar (dry- stacked), permits the construction of walls in locations with difficult access and allows the construction of tight curves or other complex architectural layouts. SRWs are durable and long lasting retaining wall systems. Stability is provided by a coherent mass with sufficient width to prevent both sliding at the base and overturning about the toe of the structure under the action of lateral earth forces. The self-weight of the SRW system is either the weight of the SRW units themselves including aggregate core fill if used (in the case of conventional SRWs) or the combined weight of the units, aggregate core fill if used and the reinforced soil mass (in the case of soil-reinforced SRWs). Segmental retaining walls (SRWs) function as gravity structures by relying on self-weight to resist the destabilizing forces due to retained soil (backfill) and surcharge loads.
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